diff --git a/src/ddo/DDO.ts b/src/ddo/DDO.ts
index d0febe6..1cca7f8 100644
--- a/src/ddo/DDO.ts
+++ b/src/ddo/DDO.ts
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ export default class DDO {
     // @ts-ignore
     private assa: string
 
-    public constructor(ddo: {
-        publicKey: PublicKey[],
-        authentication: Authentication[],
-        service: Service[],
+    public constructor(ddo?: {
+        publicKey?: PublicKey[],
+        authentication?: Authentication[],
+        service?: Service[],
     }) {
-        this.publicKey = ddo.publicKey
-        this.authentication = ddo.authentication
-        this.service = ddo.service
+        this.publicKey = ddo ? ddo.publicKey ? ddo.publicKey : [] : []
+        this.authentication = ddo ? ddo.authentication ? ddo.authentication : [] : []
+        this.service = ddo ? ddo.service ? ddo.service : [] : []
     }
 }
diff --git a/test/ddo/DDO.test.ts b/test/ddo/DDO.test.ts
index b729182..f57fad0 100644
--- a/test/ddo/DDO.test.ts
+++ b/test/ddo/DDO.test.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import MetaDataBase from "../../src/ddo/MetaDataBase"
 import PublicKey from "../../src/ddo/PublicKey"
 import Service from "../../src/ddo/Service"
 import StructuredMarkup from "../../src/ddo/StructuredMarkup"
-import Logger from "../../src/utils/Logger"
 import * as jsonDDO from "../testdata/ddo.json"
 
 describe("DDO", () => {
@@ -151,12 +150,43 @@ describe("DDO", () => {
         it("should properly serialize", async () => {
 
             const ddoString = DDO.serialize(testDDO)
-            Logger.log(ddoString)
             assert(ddoString)
             assert(ddoString.startsWith("{"))
         })
     })
 
+    describe("#constructor()", () => {
+
+        it("should create an empty ddo", async () => {
+
+            const ddo = new DDO()
+            assert(ddo)
+
+            assert(ddo.service.length === 0)
+            assert(ddo.authentication.length === 0)
+            assert(ddo.publicKey.length === 0)
+        })
+
+        it("should create an predefined ddo", async () => {
+
+            const service: Service = {
+                serviceEndpoint: "http://",
+                description: "nice service"
+            } as Service
+
+            const ddo = new DDO({
+                service: [service]
+            })
+            assert(ddo)
+
+            assert(ddo.service.length === 1)
+            assert(ddo.service[0].description === service.description)
+
+            assert(ddo.authentication.length === 0)
+            assert(ddo.publicKey.length === 0)
+        })
+    })
+
     describe("#deserialize()", () => {
 
         it("should properly deserialize from serialized object", async () => {